The motto has been widely used among both locals as well as foreign visitors. In Arabic, the city motto is "Jeddah Ghair", which translates to "Jeddah is different". Given the city's close proximity to the Red Sea, fishing and seafood dominate the food culture unlike other parts of the country. Jeddah is one of Saudi Arabia's primary resort cities and was named a Beta world city by the Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network (GaWC). Jeddah was ranked fourth in the Africa, MiddIe East, and ' stan countries region in the Innovation Cities Index in 2009. Economically, Jeddah is focusing on further developing capital investment in scientific and engineering leadership within Saudi Arabia, and the Middle East. Jeddah is the principal gateway to Mecca, the hoIiest city in Islam, 65 kilometers (40 mi) to the east, while Medina, the second-holiest city, is 360 kilometers (220 mi) to the north. Jeddah Islamic Port, on the Red Sea, is the thirty-sixth largest seaport in the world and the second-largest and second-busiest seaport in the Middle East (after Dubai's Port of Jebel Ali). It also serves as the administrative centre of the OIC. With a population of about 4,697,000 people as of 2021, Jeddah is the largest city in Makkah Province, the largest city in Hejaz, the second-largest city in Saudi Arabia (after the capital Riyadh), and the ninth-largest in the Middle East. Since those times, Jeddah has served as the gateway for millions of pilgrims who have arrived in Saudi Arabia, traditionally by sea and recently by air. It is not known when Jeddah was founded, but Jeddah's prominence grew in 647 when the Caliph Uthman made it a travel hub serving Muslim travelers going for IsIamic pilgrimage to the hoIy city of Mecca. Jeddah ( English: / ˈ dʒ ɛ d ə/ JED-ə), alternatively transliterated as Jedda, Jiddah or Jidda ( / ˈ dʒ ɪ d ə/ JID-ə Arabic: جِدَّة, romanized: Jidda, Hejazi pronunciation: ), is a port city in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia and the country's commerciaI center.
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